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The Shamanism and Animism Wiki

People

Thinkers, teachers and scientists

Short, factual answers about the shamanic teachers, thinkers, philosophers, scientists, linguists and anthropologists whose work connects with Therapeutic Shamanism: who they are, what they said, and how their ideas meet this work. The first answers are being written now.

Shamanic teachers

Core shamanism and its teachers

Who was Michael Harner, and what is core shamanism?
Also answers six more questions
What is the Foundation for Shamanic Studies?
Who is Sandra Ingerman, and what is her approach to soul retrieval?
Who is Jonathan Horwitz?
Who is Alberto Villoldo, and what is the Four Winds Society?
Who was Carlos Castaneda, and why are his books controversial?

Teachers from other traditions

Who is Martín Prechtel?
What did Malidoma Somé teach about ritual and community?
What is Plant Spirit Medicine?Answer coming soon
What did Stephen Harrod Buhner teach about plants?
What is Jeremy Narby's "cosmic serpent"?
Who is Joan Halifax?
Who is Sherri Mitchell, and what are her Sacred Instructions?

Spirits, entities and the unseen

Who is Paul Levy, and what does he mean by wetiko?
Also answers seven more questions
Who is Robert Falconer, and what is The Others Within Us about?
What did Edith Fiore write about the unquiet dead?
What did Wilson Van Dusen find about the presence of other worlds?

Thinkers

Carl Rogers and the humanistic therapists

Who was Carl Rogers, and why does he matter to Therapeutic Shamanism?
Who was Abraham Maslow, and what did he get right and wrong?
Who was M. Scott Peck, and what is The Road Less Travelled about?
Who was Sheldon Kopp?

Jung and the depth psychologists

Who was Carl Jung?
Who was James Hillman?
Who is Ken Wilber, and what is the pre/trans fallacy?
Who was John Welwood, and why did he coin the term "spiritual bypassing"?
Who is Mariana Caplan?
What did Stanislav Grof mean by a spiritual emergency?
Who was Joseph Campbell, and what is the hero's journey?

The body therapists

Who was Wilhelm Reich?
Who was Eugene Gendlin?
Who were Alexander Lowen and John Pierrakos?
Who was Ron Kurtz?
What did Arnold Mindell bring to psychotherapy?

Parts of the self

Who is Richard Schwartz?
What did Hal and Sidra Stone discover about our many selves?
Who was John Rowan, and what are subpersonalities?

Family and childhood

Who was Bert Hellinger?
Who was Donald Winnicott?
Who was Alice Miller?

Meaning, grief and dying

Who was Viktor Frankl?
Who is Francis Weller, and what does he teach about grief?
Who was Stephen Levine, and what did he teach about dying?
Who is Bill Plotkin, and what is soul initiation?
Who was Thich Nhat Hanh?

The living world

What is Joanna Macy's work, and how does it connect with shamanism?
Who is Robin Wall Kimmerer, and what is Braiding Sweetgrass about?
Who is David Abram, and where does the phrase "more-than-human world" come from?
Who was Paul Shepard, and what did he mean by “coming home to the Pleistocene”?
Who is Starhawk?
Who is Tyson Yunkaporta, and what is Sand Talk?
What is Robert Wolff's "original wisdom"?

Poets and writers

What can Mary Oliver's poetry teach us about attention to the living world?
Who is David Whyte?
Who is Jeff Brown, and what is grounded spirituality?
Who was Ursula K. Le Guin, and what can her stories teach about how to live?
Where does the word "grok" come from?

The Fall and our culture

Who is Iain McGilchrist, and what do the two halves of the brain have to do with animism?
Also answers eight more questions
Who is Steve Taylor, and what is his idea of "the Fall"?
Also answers seven more questions
Who was Daniel Quinn, and what did Ishmael teach?
Who is Derrick Jensen, and what is the myth of human supremacy?
What did Jared Diamond mean by calling farming “the worst mistake in the history of the human race”?
Who is John Zerzan, and what is anarcho-primitivism?
Who is Christopher Ryan, and what does Civilized to Death say?

Philosophers

The ancient world

Who were the Presocratic philosophers, and which of them saw the world as alive?
What did Empedocles teach about the four elements, Love and Strife?
What did Socrates mean by his daimonion, and by intellectual midwifery?
What did Plato teach about the living cosmos, and why did he downgrade the material world?
Which women philosophers of ancient Greece taught about the daimonic?
What did Epictetus teach about living in accordance with nature?
What does Daoism teach about humans and nature?
What did Zhuangzi teach about humans inside nature?

A living cosmos

Who was Gustav Fechner, and did he think plants have souls?
What did Schelling teach about nature as a living, self-organising process?
What did Emerson and Thoreau teach about nature and the self?
Who was Alfred North Whitehead, and what is process philosophy?
What did Owen Barfield mean by original participation?
Who was Val Plumwood, and what did being hunted by a crocodile teach her?
What did Freya Mathews argue about matter and the ecological self?
What is panpsychism, and how is it different from animism?
Why do De Smedt and De Cruz call animism a philosophy?
What does David Fideler mean by restoring the soul of the world?
What does Karen Armstrong say about sacred nature?

Myth, imagination and meaning

What did Giambattista Vico teach about myth and the first human world?
What did Ernst Cassirer teach about myth as a way of knowing?
What did Hans Vaihinger mean by the philosophy of "as if"?
What did Wilhelm Dilthey teach about understanding other people's worlds?
What did Hans-Georg Gadamer teach about understanding and the limits of method?
What did Paul Ricoeur teach about narrative identity?
What did Jennifer Gosetti-Ferencei say about imagination?

The body and lived experience

What did Husserl teach, and how did the world come to be seen as dead matter?
Who was Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and what has the body to do with knowing?
Who was Martin Heidegger, and what did he mean by "being"?
What did William James learn from the varieties of religious experience?

Encounter and relationship

Who was Martin Buber, and what is an I–Thou relationship?
What did Max Scheler teach about sympathy?
What did Emmanuel Levinas say about oneness, and why did he distrust it?Answer coming soon
What did Simone Weil teach about affliction and attention?

From Rousseau to Nietzsche

What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau say about the state of nature and inequality?
What did Hegel teach about history, freedom and the state, and how does it answer the Fall?
What did Eduard von Hartmann say about why achieving never settles a life?
What did Friedrich Nietzsche teach about power, and about amor fati?

Existentialism and the self

What is existentialism, and how does it differ from an animist view of meaning?
What did Albert Camus teach about revolt, limits and false consolation?
What did Jean-Paul Sartre teach about the gaze and bad faith?
What did Simone de Beauvoir teach about othering and ambiguity?
What did Krishnamurti teach about the self?
What did Alan Watts teach about insecurity and the ego?

How we know

What did Descartes teach about mind and body, and why do animists reject the split?
What did Thomas Kuhn argue about paradigms?
What did Karl Popper argue about science, and what does it mean for shamanic work?
What did Michael Polanyi mean by tacit knowing?
What did W. V. Quine argue about justifying experience?
What did Nelson Goodman and Hilary Putnam say about many true versions of the world?

Mind and language

What can Wittgenstein teach us about language and the spirit world?
What did Gilbert Ryle mean by a category mistake?
What did Wilfrid Sellars mean by the manifest and scientific images?
What did Daniel Dennett mean by the intentional stance?
What is the extended mind?
Who is Thomas Metzinger?

Power, society and technology

What did Michel Foucault teach about madness and the medical gaze?
What did Jean-François Lyotard mean by the differend?
What did Gilles Deleuze teach about desire, hierarchy and the rhizome?
What did Jacques Ellul teach about technique, rest and idolatry?
Who was Bruno Latour?

Scientists

Plants and fungi

What did Suzanne Simard find about how trees are connected?
What does science say about plant intelligence?
What does Stefano Mancuso say about plant senses and intelligence?
What did František Baluška argue about cognition in cells and plants?
What does Paco Calvo argue in Planta Sapiens?
What did Monica Gagliano's experiments suggest about plants learning?

Minds in cells and bodies

What is basal cognition, and who argues that cells think?
What did Nakagaki show with slime moulds in mazes?
What does Michael Levin’s work say about intelligence in cells and bodies?
What is autopoiesis, and what does it say about what is alive?
What did Denis Noble mean by biological relativity?
What did Lynn Margulis teach about symbiosis and the porous individual?
Who is Bruce Lipton and what is the biology of belief?

Animals and how they experience the world

What did Jane Goodall's work with chimpanzees show?
What did Frans de Waal show about empathy in animals?
What is an umwelt, and what does it tell us about how animals experience the world?
What did J. J. Gibson mean by affordances?
What is biosemiotics?

The living Earth

What is the Gaia hypothesis, and who was James Lovelock?
What did E. O. Wilson mean by biophilia?
Who was Gregory Bateson, and what is an “ecology of mind”?
What does Andreas Weber argue in Biopoetics?

Order, purpose and consciousness

What did Prigogine and Kauffman say about self-organisation?
What did Brian Goodwin and Mae-Wan Ho argue about living wholes?
What did Terrence Deacon argue about purpose in nature?
What did David Bohm mean by the "implicate order"?
What is integrated information theory?

Human nature, health and belonging

What does Robin Dunbar say about how religion evolved, and how big can a tribe be?
What did Sarah Blaffer Hrdy mean by "mothers and others"?
What is the "evolved nest"?
What is awe, and why is it good for us?
What is polyvagal theory, and how does it relate to shamanic work?
What does Gabor Maté say about trauma and addiction?

Linguists

Does language shape thought?

What did Sapir and Whorf actually claim about language and thought?
What did Guy Deutscher find about whether language shapes thought?
What is the "myth of language universals"?
What did Asifa Majid find about how languages name smells and senses?
What does Steven Pinker argue about language and thought?
Who is Noam Chomsky, and what does linguistics say about how language shapes thought?
What do sociolinguists say against the romance of language ecology?

Metaphor and meaning

What do Lakoff and Johnson say about metaphor and the body?
What did Donald Davidson argue about metaphor and different realities?
What did Jerrold Katz say about animist sentences as nonsense?
What did Barham and Everett argue about language in stone tools?

Anthropologists

Animism and other-than-human persons

Who was A. Irving Hallowell, and where does the phrase "other-than-human persons" come from?
Who is Graham Harvey, and what is the "new animism"?
What did Nurit Bird-David say about animism as relational knowing?
Who is Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, and what is perspectivism?
Who is Philippe Descola, and what are his four ways of seeing the world?
Who is Tim Ingold?
Who is Eduardo Kohn, and how do forests think?

Living with other species

What did Anna Tsing mean by modular simplification and feral proliferation?
What did Deborah Bird Rose mean by double death and shimmer?
What did Thom van Dooren write about extinction and living with others?
What did Donna Haraway teach about companion species?

How early societies lived

What did Christopher Boehm find about how early humans kept power in check?
What did Richard Lee learn from the !Kung about sharing?
Who was Marshall Sahlins, and what is "the original affluent society"?
What did James C. Scott show about early states and grain?
Who was Pierre Clastres, and what is "society against the state"?
Who was David Graeber, and what does The Dawn of Everything say about the Fall?
Who is Hugh Brody, and why does he call farmers the true nomads?
Who is Jerome Lewis, and what can the BaYaka teach us about equality?

Ritual, purity and passage

Who was Arnold van Gennep, and what are the three stages of a rite of passage?
Who was Victor Turner, and what are liminality and communitas?
Who was Mary Douglas, and what did Purity and Danger show?

Studying shamanism

Who was Mircea Eliade, and what do critics say is wrong with his idea of shamanism?
Who is Piers Vitebsky?
Who is Michael Winkelman, and what does science say about shamanism and the brain?
Why does Manvir Singh think shamanism is universal?
What has Tanya Luhrmann found about voices and spiritual experience?

Law, ethics and ecology

The rights of nature

What did Christopher Stone argue in "Should Trees Have Standing?"
What did Cormac Cullinan mean by Earth jurisprudence?
What did Godofredo Stutzin argue about the rights of nature?

Ecological ethics

What did Paul W. Taylor argue about respect for nature?
What did Arne Næss teach about deep ecology?
What is "dark green religion"?

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